The structural challenges of African development, viz. lack of food sovereignty, lack of energy sovereignty, low value-added content of exports relative to imports are perpetuated by the
global trade and finance architecture. In their current form, the associated structural inequalities will not deliver a ‘just transition’.
The energy transition should be cognisant of the different starting points of countries, where the priority for African countries is advancing economic development through
increased access to energy and basic services, as such the transition should follow differentiated pathways.
For African countries, a more comprehensive understanding of the transition is imperative, where it includes low carbon development whilst recognising the primary objective is avoided emissions for African countries; climate resilient development where impacts of climate do not erode the continents development gains or the dignity of its people; finance pathways that are based on needs and which are liberating, rather than oppressing of Africa’s capabilities.