Africa is undergoing a rapid urban transition with considerable implications for industrialization, a key imperative for inclusive structural transformation. Urbanization and industrialization are closely linked elsewhere, but in Africa these links are weak or absent. And where they exist, have often developed organically rather than through deliberate policy responses, even though the importance of coordinating industrial and urban development was recognized by African policymakers as far back as the 1960s (UNECA, 1962).