This report examines collaboration between the Economic Commission for Africa and the Egyptian Tax Authority from 2023 to 2025 to strengthen tax system performance. The initiative supported tax reform through technical assistance, capacity-building and policy advisory services aligned with national development priorities. The collaboration contributed to a 38 per cent increase in tax revenue, improved dispute resolution and strengthened taxation of State-owned enterprises. Remaining challenges include legislative complexity, limited digital integration and technical capacity gaps, highlighting the need for continued modernization and policy reform.